Hot-air turbine



Sept. 21 1926. w 3 1,600,734 J. KOE NIG I i HOT AIR. TURBiNE Filed March 5, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 F l /z/a/jav' Jnsaph%e ig Patented Sept. 21, 1926.

UNITED. STATES JOSEPH KOENIG, F MANITOWO C, WISCONSIN. I

HOT-AIR TURBILTE.

This invention relates to hot air turbines,

, and is an improvement over that disclosed in my copending applications for hot air motor, Serial Number 741,634, filed October 4:, 1924, and hot air motor, Serial No. 9,499 filed February 16, 1925.

Objects of this invention are to provide a hot air motor which, although adapted for avariety of uses, is also eminently suited for use as a toy. 1

Further objects are to provide a hot air motor'in which a turbine is employed for the motive portion of the apparatus, .in which the relatively rapid motion of this turbine is reduced and transmitted as reciprocatory motion to air heating and cooling cylinders, and in Which a plurality of air heating and cooling cylinders areemployed in such a manner that the turbine is supplied with air under pressure from the cylinders throughout substantially the ent re cycle of operations i V Further objects are to provide a hot air motor of the turbine type which is of relatively' simple construction,-and which may i be operated with the utmost facility without requiring thefservices of a skilled mechanic. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front view of the motor.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view partly in section of the turbine. I a e Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view through the air heating and cooling cylin-I "ders showing parts of the associated mechanism. I

Referring to. the drawings, it will be S en that a turbine. is provided with a pluralityof movable blades 1 which ftravel past stationary bladesv 2-. Although only two sets of movable blades have been shown, it is obvious that any number maybe employed.

The turbine is carried within a housing 3-and is mounted upon a main drive shaft 4. The supply nozzle 5 may be of'anydesiredotype, a schematicishowing of such nozzle being given in Figure 2. This nozzle directs the air against the first section of the movable blades,'as shown in Figure 2,

and is supplied by both the air cooling and heating'cylinders 6 and 7. These cylinders are connected with the nozzle 5 by means of pipes 8 and 9, respectively. -Communi-' Application filed March 3, 1925. Serial No. 12,874.

shown schematically in Figure 2. Further, it will be noted that the return'pipes 12 and 13, from the turbine, communicate with the pipes 8 and 9 and communication with these pipes, is also controlled by inwardly opening check valves 14: and 15.

It is to be particularly emphasized that the shape ofthe nozzle and associated parts may be varied and that the showing is-primarily as illustrative and diagrammatic rather than as a limiting application of the invention.

If it is found desirable, the nozzle 5 may be provided with a plurality of passages formed by vanes or similar members 16, as

indicated in Figure 2, so as to have a, plurality of points of inlet for the incoming heated air. The entire apparatusis carried by a suitand a bearing bracket 18 extends upwardly from the base as shown. I: This bearing bracket carries one end of the turbine shaft, as shown clearly in Figures 1 and 3, and

76 able base 17, as shownin Figures land 3,

is preferably provided with spaced bearings I between which the worm 19, carried by such turbine shaft, is mounted. 1 This Worm 19 meshes with" a worm wheel 20,'such worm wheel being rigidly secured to a transverse shaft 21 carried by such bracket, I One of the outer ends of this shaft21'is provided with a crankplate 22 provided with a crank pin 23; Thecrank' pin 23 is connected by means of a pitman 24 with a short arm lever 25. This lever is rigidly secured to a rock is -alsorigidl'y'secured to the shaft 26 and is connected at; opposite ends to the piston rods 29 and 30 of the cylinders 6 and'7, preferablyshort links 31"being provided between; the crank and the piston rods.

Power may be taken from the apparatus at any de'siredapoint. 'For example, a. pulley desired. I

Referring to the cylinders 6 and 7, it will be seen that they are of identical construction and are provided with inwardly extending heated ends 33 and with inwardly. extending cooled ends 34:. As shown in.

Figure 3, the cool ends of the cylinder may be maintained in acool condition by means of a water jacket 35, although it is to be understood thatother cooling means may be employed, if desired. Preferably also,

. shaft 26 carried in suitable bearings formed in-ai bracket 27. A. relatively longer lever 28 32'may-be':secured'to the turbine shaft {if the stutfing' boxes 36 for the piston .rods29 and 3.0 are provided with ;a cavity 37 Within Which oil is maintained preferably under pressure in any suitable manner. The showing of the stuiling boxes isintended merely as diagrammatic and may be varied,..as .desired.

The heated ends 33 of thecylinders-are provided preferably with electrical heating members 38 :Which are slipped into such ends and are adapted :for energization from any suitable source. Eheseelectrical :heating elements :ZEQL :the cylinder render the device especially safe as a toy, although -it.is to be understood that-other .means may be provided for heating the :hot, ends of the cylinders. At any suitable point in the system an inwardly.opening check valve diagranr matically indicated at 39, is provided. This check valve is .de igned to permit the :entrance ofair if the pressure should fall below; atmospheric Within the system. Further, :it may be used to permit .the .introduction of .air under pressu-re,-so that the system may operate under an initial compression if it is found desirable,

The circulating pistons for the cylinders 6 Eand 7 are of identical construction and are preferably formed Of'tWO distinct units. These ,fpistons ,comprise main piston members 1-0 and 541 Efrom which extend-the cylindrical sleeves A2 and 43, respectively.

It is to "be noted from reference to Figure 3 that ;the;t;Wo .members of the pistons are spaced apart in any suitable nnanner preferably by means ofspa-cers aim prevent heat conduction fronrone pistonuto the other.

The operation ofthe apparatus is as follow. :-Assuming that the heating elements 38 are energized and the apparatus is run ning, it Will be seen that the heated air passes to the turbine nozzle 5 :by Way of thevalves 10 or 11, as the case imayibe. As shown in Figure 2, one .of the valves, for instance ;the valve 10', is opened and the .enpanding air passes such valve and drives th -tu")i ne. The ireturning air passes the 15 :rhrough itheipipe ;9 into :the approecylinder. in the mext :cycle of "operations, the valveslO-and .1 5 are closed and the valves 11 and let are-opened. In this manner, due {to the :reciprocatory motion of l the'gpistons which passes the air alternately oyer the cool portion of the cylinders and p1stons and over the hot portion thereof,

:the invention.

a substantially constant stream of air is furnished the turbine and such turbine is, therefore, driven in a substantially continuous manner.

It is again pointed out that the disclosure is intended as illustrative rather than limiting and is a diagrammatic embodiment of Further, it is to be distinctly noted that various changes may be made within the scope of the invent-ion Without affecting its essential parts. F or example, the pistons may be provided With fluted cylinders and the apertures for the entrance of :the pipes to the cylinders may be peripherally elongated, as disclosed in my copending application, and other changes in ithe-precise details may be made Without departing :from .the spirit of this invention.

1 claim:

11. In ahot air motor, the combination of a turbine hayinga driving shaft, a Worm carried by said driving shaft, a Worm wheel meshing with said avorni and rigidly secured to aetransverse shaft, a crank carried by said transversesha-ft, a rock shaftrdriven by said crank, a lever secured intermediate its ends tosa-id IOCkS aft,.-a pair of cylinders having hot .andcold ends, pistons mounted Within said cylinders and connected with opposite ends of isaid ileiver, and means for placing said cylinders and said turbine in communi cation. 7

v2. A :hot air motor comprising a pair of air treating cylinders having hot and cold ends, displacing pistons in said cylinders, .a turbine operated directly :by the air from said cylinders and comprising a casing having=an outlet portion. a rotor mounted -Wllll'1- in said casing and having vanes, a nozzle opening into said casing for discharging air against said vanes, a pipe'leading from each of said -,c,vlinders and communicating with said nozzle and with the outlet portion of said casing, valves permitting the flow of air only from said pipes into said nozzleand from itheoutlet portion of said casing into said ;pipes,;and mechanism operative'ly coir nec tingsaid turbine and the displacing pistons for oscillating said pistons when said turbinerotates.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand at Two Rivers, in the county'of ManitoWoc and State of lVisconsin.

- JOSEPH KO'ENIG. 

